Banting—Insulin (as a palliative for diabetes).
Barnard, Christian—Replacing the human heart.
Brahmchari, U.M.—Cure of Kala-a-zar fever.
Davy—Isolation of metals by electricity; studied properties of chlorine.
Domagk—Sulpha drugs as bactericides.
Eijkman—Cause of Beri-Beri.
Finsen—Discovered curative effect of ultra violet rays; photography.
Fleming, Alexander—Penicillin (in 1929).
Harvey—Circulation of blood.
Hahnemann—Homoeopathy (founder).
Hopkins, Frederick Gowland—Vitamin D.
Jenner—Smallpox Vaccination.
Koch—Tubercle Bacillus.
Lainnec—Stethoscope.
Lister, Lord—Antiseptic treatment.
Pasteur, Louis—Treatment of rabies; cure of hydrophobia.
Ronald Ross—Malaria Parasite.
Salk, Jonas E.—Anti-polio Vaccine.
Simpson and Harrison—Chloroform.
Waksman—Streptomycin.
Showing posts with label SCIENTIFIC INVENTIONS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label SCIENTIFIC INVENTIONS. Show all posts
Sunday, April 17, 2011
Mechanical Inventions and Discoveries
Austin—Motor Car.
Bell, Graham—Telephone.
Berliner—Microphone.
Brequet—Helicopter.
Bushwell—Submarine.
Caxton—Printing Press.
Colt—Revolver.
Daimler—Gas engine.
Davy—Miner’s Safety Lamp.
Diesel—Internal Combustion engine (Diesel engine).
Dunlop—Pneumatic tyre.
Edison—First electric bulb and gramophone.
Faraday—Dynamo.
Fick—Law of Diffusion—Fick’s Law.
Frank Whittle—Jet propulsion.
Fulton—Stream boat.
Galileo—Telescope.
Gillette—Safety razor.
Guttenburg—Art of Printing.
Hoe—Rotary Printing Press.
Howe—Sewing Machine.
Huygens—Pendulum clock.
James Watt—Steam engine (patented in 1769).
Landstrom, J.E.—Safety Matches.
Macmillan—Bicycle (1842).
Mauser—Magazine of rifle.
Mercator—Celestial and a terrestrial globe.
Montgolfier—Balloon (1883)
Pascal—Calculating Machine.
Puckle, James—Machine gun
Shockley—Transistor.
Sholes—Typewriter.
Stephenson—Railway engine.
Swinton—Military tank.
Torricelli—Barometer.
Watt, Robert Watson—Radar.
W. & O. Wright (Wright Brothers)—Aeroplane (1903).
Waterman—Fountain pen.
Zeiss—Lenses; Camera.
Scientific Inventions
YEAR | INVENTION OR DISCOVERY | INVENTOR OR DISCOVERER | NATIONALITY |
1590 | Compound microscope | Zacharias Janssen | Dutch |
1593 | Water thermometer | Galileo | Italian |
1608 | Telescope | Hans Lippershey | Dutch |
1625 | Blood transfusion | Jean-Baptiste Denys | French |
1629 | Steam turbine | Giovanni Branca | Italian |
1642 | Adding machine | Blaise Pascal | French |
1643 | Barometer | Evangelista Torricelli | Italian |
1650 | Air pump | Otto von Guericke | German |
1656 | Pendulum clock | Christiaan Huygens | Dutch |
1668 | Reflecting telescope | Isaac Newton | English |
1671 | Calculating machine | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | German |
1698 | Steam pump | Thomas Savery | English |
1701 | Seed drill | Jethro Tull | English |
1705 | Steam engine | Thomas Newcomen | British |
1710 | Piano | Bartolomeo Cristofori | Italian |
1714 | Mercury thermometer | Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit | German |
1717 | Diving bell | Edmund Halley | English |
1725 | Stereotyping | William Ged | Scottish |
1745 | Leyden jar (condenser) | E.G. von Kleist | German |
1752 | Lightning rod | Benjamin Franklin | American |
1758 | Achromatic lens | John Dollond | British |
1759 | Marine chronometer | John Harrison | British |
1764 | Spinning jenny | James Hargreaves | British |
1769 | Spinning frame | R. Arkwright | English |
1769 | Steam engine (with separate condenser) | James Watt | British |
1770 | Automobile | Nicholas Joseph Cugnot | French |
1775 | Submarine | David Bushnell | American |
1780 | Steel pen | Samuel Harrison | English |
1780 | Bifocal lens | Benjamin Franklin | American |
1783 | Balloon | Joseph Michel Montgolfier and Jacques tienne Montgolfier | French |
1784 | Threshing machine | Andrew Meikle | British |
1785 | Power loom | Edmund Cartwright | British |
1786 | Steamboat | John Fitch | American |
1788 | Flyball governor | James Watt | British |
1791 | Gas turbine | John Barber | British |
1792 | Illuminating gas | William Murdock | Scottish |
1793 | Cotton gin | Eli Whitney | American |
1795 | Hydraulic press | Joseph Bramah | English |
1796 | Lithography | Aloys Senefelder | German |
1796 | Smallpox vaccination | Edward Jenner | British |
1799 | Fourdrinier machine (papermaking) | Louis Robert | French |
1800 | Jacquard Loom | Joseph Marie Jacquard | French |
1800 | Electric battery | Count Alessandro Volta | Italian |
1801 | Pattern loom | Joseph Marie Jacquard | French |
1804 | Screw propeller | John Stevens | American |
1804 | Solid-fuel rocket | William Congreve | British |
1804 | Steam locomotive | Richard Trevithick | British |
1805 | Electroplating | Luigi Gasparo Brugnatelli | Italian |
1810 | Food preservation (by sterilization and exclusion of air) | Franois Appert | French |
1810 | Printing Press | Frederick Koenig | German |
1814 | Railroad locomotive | George Stephenson | British |
1815 | Safety lamp | Sir Humphry Davy | British |
1816 | Bicycle | Karl D. Sauerbronn | German |
1819 | Stethoscope | Ren Thophile Hyacinthe Lannec | French |
1820 | Hygrometer | J.F. Daniell | English |
1820 | Galvanometer | Johann Salomo Cristoph Schweigger | German |
1821 | Electric motor | Michael Faraday | British |
1823 | Electromagnet | William Sturgeon | British |
1824 | Portland cement | Joseph Aspdin | British |
1827 | Friction match | John Walker | British |
1829 | Typewriter | W.A. Burt | American |
1829 | Braille printing | Louis Braille | French |
1830 | Platform scales | Thaddeus Fairbanks | American |
1830 | Sewing machine | Barthlemy Thimonnier | French |
1831 | Phosphorus match | Charles Sauria | French |
1831 | Reaper | Cyrus Hall McCormick | American |
1831 | Dynamo | Michael Faraday | British |
1834 | Electric streetcar | Thomas Davenport | American |
1835 | Pistol (revolver) | Samuel Colt | American |
1837 | Telegraph | Samuel Finley Breese Morse Sir Charles Wheatstone | American British |
1838 | Morse code | Samuel Finley Breese Morse | American |
1839 | Photography | Louis Jacques Mand Daguerre and Joseph Nicphore Niepce William Henry Fox Talbot | French British |
1839 | Vulcanized rubber | Charles Goodyear | American |
1839 | Steam hammer | James Nasmyth | Scottish |
1840 | Bicycle | Kirkpatrick MacMillan | British |
1845 | Pneumatic tire | Robert William Thompson | American |
1846 | Rotary printing press | Richard March Hoe | American |
1846 | Guncotton | Christian Friedrich Schnbein | German |
1846 | Ether | Crawford Williamson Long | American |
1849 | Reinforced concrete | F.J. Monier | French |
1849 | Safety pin | Walter Hunt | American |
1849 | Water turbine | James Bicheno Francis | American |
1850 | Mercerized cotton | John Mercer | British |
1851 | Breech-loading rifle | Edward Maynard | American |
1851 | Opthalmoscope | Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz | German |
1852 | Nonrigid airship | Henri Giffard | French |
1852 | Elevator (with brake) | Elisha Graves Otis | American |
1852 | Gyroscope | Jean Bernard Lon Foucault | French |
1855 | Hypodermic syringe | Alexander Wood | Scottish |
1855 | Safety matches | J.E. Lundstrom | Swedish |
1855 | Gas burner | Robert Wilhelm Bunsen | German |
1856 | Bessemer converter (steel) | Sir Henry Bessemer | British |
1858 | Harvester | Charles and William Marsh | American |
1859 | Spectroscope | Gustav Robert Kirchhoff and Robert Wilhelm Bunsen | German |
1860 | Gas engine | tienne Lenoir | French |
1861 | Web-fed newspaper printing press | Richard March Hoe | American |
1861 | Electric furnace | Wilhelm Siemens | British |
1861 | Machine gun | Richard Jordan Gatling | American |
1861 | Kinematoscope | Coleman Sellers | American |
1865 | Antiseptic surgery | Joseph Lister | English |
1866 | Paper (from wood pulp, sulfite process) | Benjamin Chew Tilghman | American |
1866 | Dynamite | Alfred Bernhard Nobel | Swedish |
1868 | Dry cell | Georges Leclanch | French |
1868 | Typewriter | Carlos Glidden and Christopher Latham Sholes | American |
1868 | Air brake | George Westinghouse | American |
1870 | Celluloid | John Wesley Hyatt and Isaiah Hyatt | American |
1874 | Quadruplex telegraph | Thomas Alva Edison | American |
1876 | Telephone | Alexander Graham Bell | American |
1877 | Internal-combustion engine (four-cycle) | Nikolaus August Otto | German |
1877 | Talking machine (phonograph) | Thomas Alva Edison | American |
1877 | Microphone | Emile Berliner | American |
1877 | Electric welding | Elihu Thomson | American |
1877 | Refrigerator car | G.F. Swift | American |
1878 | Cathode ray tube | Sir William Crookes | British |
1879 | Cash register | James J. Ritty | American |
1879 | Incandescent filament lamp | Thomas Alva Edison Sir Joseph Wilson Swan | American British |
1879 | Automobile engine (two-cycle) | Karl Benz | German |
1879 | Arc lamp | Charles Francis Bush | American |
1880 | Linotype | Ottmar Mergenthaler | American |
1884 | Steam turbine | C.A. Parsons | English |
1884 | Rayon (nitrocellulose) | Comte Hilaire Bernigaud de Chardonnet | French |
1884 | Multiple-wheel steam turbine | Sir Charles Algernon Parsons | British |
1884 | Nipkow disk (mechanical television scanning device) | Paul Gottlieb Nipkow | German |
1884 | Fountain pen | Lewis Edson Waterman | American |
1885 | Graphophone (dictating machine) | Chichester A. Bell and Charles Sumner Tainter | American |
1885 | AC transformer | William Stanley | American |
1887 | Air-inflated rubber tire | J.B. Dunlop | Scottish |
1887 | Gramophone (disk records) | Emile Berliner | American |
1887 | Gas mantle | Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach | Austrian |
1887 | Mimeograph | Albert Blake Dick | American |
1887 | Monotype | Tolbert Lanston | American |
1888 | Adding machine (recording) | William Seward Burroughs | American |
1888 | Kodak camera | George Eastman | American |
1889 | Steam turbine | C.G. de Laval | Swedish |
1890 | Rayon (cuprammonium) | Louis Henri Despeissis | French |
1891 | Glider | Otto Lilienthal | German |
1891 | Synthetic rubber | Sir William Augustus Tilden | British |
1892 | AC motor | Nikola Tesla | American |
1892 | Three-color camera | Frederick Eugene Ives | American |
1892 | Rayon (viscose) | Charles Frederick Cross | British |
1892 | Vacuum bottle (Dewar flask) | Sir James Dewar | British |
1893 | Photoelectric cell | Julius Elster Hans F. Geitel | German |
1893 | Diesel engine | Rudolf Diesel | German |
1893 | Gasoline automobile | Charles Edgar Duryea and J. Frank Duryea | American |
1893 | Motion picture machine | Thomas Alva Edison | American |
1894 | Motion picture projection | Louis Jean Lumire and Auguste Marie Lumire Charles Francis Jenkins | French American |
1895 | X-ray | Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen | German |
1895 | Rayon (acetate) | Charles Frederick Cross | British |
1896 | Experimental airplane | Samuel Pierpont Langley | American |
1896 | Wireless telegraph | Marchese Guglielmo Marconi | Italian |
1898 | Sensitized photographic paper | Leo Hendrik Baekeland | American |
1900 | Rigid dirigible airship | Graf Ferdinand von Zeppelin | German |
1902 | Radiotelephone | Valdemar Poulsen Reginald Aubrey Fessenden | Danish American |
1903 | Airplane | Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright | American |
1903 | Electrocardiograph | Willem Einthoven | Dutch |
1905 | Diode rectifier tube (radio) | Sir John Ambrose Fleming | British |
1906 | Gyrocompass | Hermann Anschotz-Kompfe | German |
1907 | Bakelite | Leo Hendrik Baekeland | American |
1907 | Triode amplifier tube (radio) | Lee De Forest | American |
1908 | Two-color motion picture camera | C. Albert Smith | British |
1909 | Salvarsan | Paul Ehrlich | German |
1910 | Hydrogenation of coal | Friedrich Bergius | German |
1910 | Gyroscopic compass and stabilizer | Elmer Ambrose Sperry | American |
1911 | Air conditioning | W.H. Carrier | American |
1911 | Vitamins | Casimir Funk | Polish |
1911 | Cellophane | Jacques Edwin Brandenberger | Swiss |
1911 | Neon lamp | Georges Claude | French |
1912 | Mercury-vapor lamp | Peter Cooper Hewitt | American |
1913 | Ramjet engine | Reno Lorin | French |
1913 | Multigrid electron tube | Irving Langmuir | American |
1913 | Cracked gasoline | William Meriam Burton | American |
1913 | Heterodyne radio receiver | Reginald Aubrey Fessenden | American |
1915 | Automobile self-starter | Charles Franklin Kettering | American |
1916 | Browning gun (automatic rifle) | John Moses Browning | American |
1916 | Gas-filled incandescent lamp | Irving Langmuir | American |
1916 | X-ray tube | William David Coolidge | American |
1919 | Mass spectrograph | Sir Francis William Aston Arthur Jeffrey Dempster | British American |
1922 | Insulin | Sir Frederick Grant Banting | Canadian |
1922-26 | Sound motion pictures | T.W. Case | American |
1923 | Television iconoscope | Vladimir Kosma Zworykin | American |
1925 | Quick-frozen food | Clarence Birdseye | American |
1925 | Television image dissector tube | Philo Taylor Farnsworth | American |
1926 | Liquid-fuel rocket | Robert Hutchings Goddard | American |
1928 | Penicillin | Sir Alexander Fleming | British |
1930 | Nylon (fiber-forming synthetic polyamides) | Wallace Hume Carothers | American |
1930 | Bathysphere | (Charles) William Beebe | American |
1930 | Freon (low-boiling fluorine compounds) | Thomas Midgley and coworkers | American |
1930 | Modern gas-turbine engine | Sir Frank Whittle | British |
1930 | Neoprene (synthetic rubber) | Father Julius Arthur Nieuwland and Wallace Hume Carothers | American |
1931 | Cyclotron | Ernest Orlando Lawrence | American |
1931 | Differential analyzer (analogue computer) | Vannevar Bush | American |
1932 | Phase contrast microscope | Frits Zernike | Dutch |
1932 | Van de Graaff generator | Robert Jemison Van de Graaff | American |
1933 | Frequency modulation (FM) | Edwin Howard Armstrong | American |
1935 | Buna (synthetic rubber) | German scientists | German |
1935 | Radiolocator (radar) | Sir Robert Watson-Watt | British |
1935 | Cortisone | Edward Calvin Kendall Tadeus Reichstein | American Swiss |
1935 | Electron microscope | German scientists | German |
1935 | Sulfanllamide | Gerhard Domagk | German |
1936 | Twin-rotor helicopter | Heinrich Focke | German |
1937 | Nylon | Wallace Hume Carothers | American |
1939 | DDT | Paul Moller | Swiss |
1939 | Helicopter | Igor Sikorsky | American |
1940 | Betatron | Donald William Kerst | American |
1941 | Turbojet aircraft engine | Sir Frank Whittle | British |
1942 | Guided missile | Wernher von Braun | German |
1942 | Nuclear reactor | Enrico Fermi | American |
1942 | Xerography | Chester Carlson | American |
1944 | V-2 (rocket-propelled bomb) | German scientists | German |
1945 | Atomic bomb | U.S. government scientists | American |
1945 | Streptomycin | Selman A. Waksman | American |
1946 | Electronic digital computer | John Presper Eckert, Jr., and John W. Mauchly | American |
1947 | Holography | Dennis Gabon | English |
1947 | Chlormycetin | Mildred Rebstock | American |
1947 | Polaroid Land camera | Edwin Herbert Land | American |
1947 | Bathyscaphe | Auguste Piccard | Swiss |
1947 | Microwave oven | Percy L. Spencer | American |
1948 | Scintillation counter | Hartmut Kallmann | German |
1948 | Aureomycin | Benjamin Minge Duggar and Chandra Bose Subba Row | American |
1948 | Transistor | John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain, and William Shockley | American |
1949 | Ramjet airplane | Reno Leduc | French |
1950 | Color television | Peter Carl Goldmark | American |
1952 | Hydrogen bomb | U.S. government scientists | American |
1952 | Bubble chamber (nuclear particle detector) | Donald Arthur Glaser | American |
1953 | Maser | Charles Townes | American |
1954 | Solar battery | Bell Telephone Laboratory scientists | American |
1954 | Polio vaccine | Jonas Salk | American |
1955 | Synthetic diamonds | General Electric scientists | American |
1955 | Carbon dating | W.F. Libby | American |
1956 | Hovercraft | Christopher Cockerell | English |
1956 | First prototype rotary engine | Felix Wankel | German |
1956 | Videotape | Charles Ginsberg Ray Dolby | American |
1957 | Sodium-cooled atomic reactor | U.S. government scientists | American |
1957 | Artificial earth satellite | USSR government scientists | Soviet |
1958 | Communications satellite | U.S. government scientists | American |
1959 | Integrated circuit | Jack Kilby Robert Noyce | American |
1960 | Laser | Charles Hard Townes, Arthur L. Schawlow, and Gordon Gould | American |
1960 | Chlorophyll synthesized | Robert Burns Woodward | American |
1960 | Birth-control pill | Gregory Pincus, John Rock, and Min-chueh Chang | American |
1962 | Light-emitting diode (LED) | Nick Holonyak, Jr. | American |
1964 | Liquid-crystal display | George Heilmeier | American |
1966 | Artificial heart (left ventricle) | Michael Ellis DeBakey | American |
1967 | Human heart transplant | Christiaan Neethling Barnard | South Africa |
1970 | First complete synthesis of a gene | Har Gobind Khorana | American |
1971 | Microprocessor | Ted Hoff | American |
1971 | Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging | Raymond Damadian | American |
1972 | Electronic pocket calculator | J.S. Kilby and J.D. Merryman | American |
1972 | First magnetohydrodynamic power generator | USSR government scientists | Soviet |
1973 | Skylab orbiting space laboratory | U.S. government scientists | American |
1974 | Recombinant DNA (genetic engineering) | U.S. scientists | American |
1975 | CAT (computerized axial tomography) scanner | Godfrey N. Hounsfield | British |
1975 | Fiberoptics | Bell Laboratories | American |
1976 | Supercomputer | J.H. Van Tassel and Seymour Cray | American |
1978 | Synthesis of human insulin genes | Roberto Crea, Tadaaki Hirose, Adam Kraszewski, and Keiichi Itakura | American |
1978 | Mammal to mammal gene transplants | Paul Berg, Richard Mulligan, and Bruce Howard | American |
1978 | Jarvik-7 artificial heart | Robert K. Jarvik | American |
1979 | Compact disc | Joop Sinjou Toshi Tada Doi | Dutch Japanese |
1979 | Genetic flaw repaired in mouse cells by recombinant DNA and micromanipulation techniques | W. French Anderson and coworkers | American |
1981 | Space transportation system (space shuttle) | National Aeronautics and Space Administration engineers | American |
1983 | Scanning tunneling microscope | Gerd Binnig Heinrich Rohrer | German Swiss |
1986 | High-temperature superconductors | J. Georg Bednorz Karl A. Moller | German Swiss |
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